Find the complete list of front end languages for web development in 2024 that are most popular and versatile.
In today’s era, web development offers a promising job. So, those who are willing to enter into this field can grab the opportunity and start to learn a web programming language or go for a complete full-stack web development course. But before that, you’ll have to discover which programming language will be the most suitable for you, your interests, and your career goals.
Even if you’re a beginner, the least you would have known is that web development is a combination of both backend and front end languages that programmers use to build a well-functioning website or web application.
Front end development is one of the most important aspects of creating user-friendly websites and web applications. Although the backend development is also crucial, a user can only witness what is happening on the front end.
Currently, there are many options available when it comes to front end dev languages, with each having its advantages and disadvantages.
High salaries and career growth are also compelling reasons for looking for a career as a front-end developer. According to Indeed, a front-end developer, on average, makes $106,539 in the US.
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What are Front-End Languages?
Front-end is the section of the web that users interact with. This includes everything that users can experience, see, and touch. Over the past years, the role of a web developer has changed, but its core functions are still the same. Frontend deals with a graphical user interface with various icons such as images, videos, and navigation menus.
The front-end development is also called ‘client-side’ because this action takes place on the customer side and enhances direct interaction. Front-end developers create an environment with a combination of various tools, including HTML, JavaScript, CSS, and others.
Front-end v/s Back-end Development (Differences)
Before knowing the top frontend languages in 2024, it is important to know the difference between front-end and backend web development.
Frontend and backend are the most commonly used terms in the software development industry. Firstly, if we talk about frontend, it is basically the skin of the software. It is the ‘client-side’ of an application that can be seen, touched, and experienced. Everything that the user is viewing is a front end, such as application templates, buttons, navigation menus, etc. JavaScript, CSS, React, and HTML are widely recognized front end programming languages.
On the contrary, all operations happening at the ‘server-side’ are the backend operations. They are about scripting codes & APIs, updating databases, building libraries, etc.
In simple words, a backend is about all functions that are being conducted behind the scene that a user can’t witness. Python, JavaScript, Java, Ruby are the most used backend languages.
Technical Skills of Front End Developer in 2024
1. Knowledge of HTML/CSS
A front-end developer must be fluent in HTML (HyperText Markup Language) and CSS (Cascading Style Sheets). HTML is known as the standard markup language which is used for constructing web pages. It is the most basic language required for developing websites and applications. And CSS is the language used for presenting the document you create with HTML.
HTML provides a structure to the page. In contrast, CSS works as the styling part of the page, like creating the fonts, color, and style. Both of these languages are crucial to become a front-end developer.
If you’re planning to launch your career in the software industry, learn the most basic frontend programming languages, HTML and CSS, with us.
2. JavaScript Skills
While HTML and CSS can be used to create a basic website, JavaScript is required to make your website interactive. You can implement features like audio and video, scrolling abilities, games, page animations with the help of JavaScript.
JavaScript consists of open-source libraries like jQuery. It is an assortment of plugins and extensions that are useful for adding prefabricated elements to a website.
3. Version Control
Version control is the process of documenting and controlling changes in your source code so in case something goes wrong, you don’t have to start again. It is a tool that helps you track the prior changes so you can get back to the previous version of your work and figure out what went wrong without starting from scratch.
4. Cross-Browser Compatibility
Depending on various factors, the appearance of a website may change across browsers. Hence, the developers use browser tools to address this issue.
While most browsers are now capable of maintaining uniformity while displaying the website content, you may still notice minor discrepancies. Additionally, developers can use this technique to change the layout and design of the website depending on the type of device accessing it. As a result, cross-browser development remains one of the most crucial front-end developer skills to have.
5. Testing and Debugging
Testing is an essential component of any project to keep bugs away. As a result, a front-end developer must have the capacity to test and debug code.
There are various testing methods used for web development. One of them is Functional testing, which examines a specific piece of functionality on your site and ensures that it performs as expected by the code.
Another technique is unit testing, which evaluates each individual line of code for correct operation. Testing plays an important part in the front-end development process. Programs like Jasmine and Mocha are designed to speed up and simplify your testing process.
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Top Front End Languages List 2024
Here is the list of frontend programming languages, and their core features.
- HTML
- CSS
- React
- AngularJS
- JavaScript
- jQuery
- VueJS
Interested in knowing more about the front end dev languages? Keep Reading!
1. HTML
HTML or Hypertext Markup Language is a programming language used to develop websites, web pages, and web applications. Each web page you view on the Internet has been crafted by using some form of HTML.
HTML code ensures the use of different elements, such as images and text, to tell your browser how to display the content or load different elements.
A website is a form of document generally written in HTML code and translated through a web browser. By entering a URL, you can identify any kind of web page, static or dynamic. Static web pages can be generated using HTML. The attributes seen in HTML are documents, buttons, tags, lists, etc.
Core Features of HTML
- It is user-friendly, easily understandable, and one of the most lightweight front-end programming languages available right now.
- It facilitates the easy addition of images, videos, and audio content to a web page.
- HTML is easy to learn and can be used with any given implementation.
Suggested Reading: Top HTML Interview Questions and Answers in 2024
2. JavaScript
JavaScript tops the list of front end languages. As per the statistics of various reports, JavaScript is one of the most preferred and leading programming languages in the tech world. This language is most preferred because it can be used for both Frontend and Backend Web Development.
It was first created in 1995, and since then, it has improved a lot. It has now developed into a high-level, multi-paradigm, and dynamic language. It can be run into action anytime a page is performing a dynamic action, such as showing periodic content updates, interactive maps, animated two-dimensional and three-dimensional graphics, video boxes, and more.
Core Features of JavaScript
- JavaScript is a flexible and powerful language that is continuously being implemented by different web browsers.
- It is used to create very intriguing and attractive interfaces.
- It uses a ‘client-side’ model, meaning it reduces the load on the server.
- It has a wide variety of framework libraries that enable developers to create complex applications with low overhead.
3. CSS
Cascading Style Sheets (CSS) is another one of the best front-end languages. It was first developed in 1996, a year after JavaScript by the W3C.
It is basically a web design tool used for converting a document to a usable form for audiences. This is significant for browsers such as Chrome, Edge, and Firefox, built to deliver documents onto screens, projectors, and printers visually.
Core Features of CSS
- CSS offers a lot of functions related to fonts, text styling, and colors. You can change the entire look of your webpage by using simple colors and different fonts.
- It is beneficial for web pages that have various types of content which can take time to load.
- CSS is a helping hand for HTML, as it allows to cascade the HTML file for a lesser load on the HTML code.
- CSS ensures that the data and content are in sync to enhance the user experience and readability.
Suggested Reading: Top CSS Interview Questions and Answers in 2024
4. ReactJS
React is one of the most popular front-end languages in 2024, with a framework of JavaScript developed by Facebook and it is also used for major web applications, including Facebook, Yahoo! WhatsApp, Instagram, etc.
This is an open-source library initially released in 2013. Currently, it is one of the most widely used JavaScript libraries to create web front ends. It became so popular because it is suitable for creating visual user interfaces and data rendering for browsers.
Core Features of ReactJS
- React uses both the syntax of JavaScript and HTML, which is known as JSX.
- React is an easy-to-learn language, and developers who are familiar with JavaScript can gain a thorough understanding of this language in a short time.
- React is an SEO-friendly language and can easily show up with a heavy load. SEO support is advantageous for high-load applications in terms of search engine optimization.
- With the help of React, you can make complex UIs from small to most isolated pieces of code, what is often called ‘components.’
5. AngularJS
AngularJS was first released in 2012, and it has been receiving updates since then. The framework was developed by Google engineers Adam Abrons and Misko Hebert. Companies like Autodesk and Microsoft are currently making use of this technology.
AngularJs allows you to develop dynamic single-page web applications with great functionality, attractive visual designs, and business logic.
Core Features of AngularJS
- This programming language divides the load on both the client and the server so the components are loaded spontaneously.
- It makes use of HTML programming to develop UIs, making them simple and easy to understand.
- This language has most coding functionalities built into it because it uses a simple and straightforward object structure. It also allows for calling objects without getter or setter functions.
- The Angular features allow easy testing as the code can be run at any time to test the functionalities.
6. jQuery
jQuery is one of the simple frontend developer languages. It uses javascript libraries. jQuery is a suitable option for functions such as HTML traversal, event handling, document manipulation, Ajax, and animations.
This language is known for its incredible flexibility, simplicity, and exceptional features. Also, its interface is easy to use, and it functions effectively in different browsers.
Core Features of jQuery
- JQuery is extremely easy because of its inbuilt plugins, libraries, and extensions.
- It can support Ajax functions; hence you can make constantly updated web pages.
- This programming language offers great support for animations such as fade-in and carousel.
- With the help of JQuery, developers can add special effects to a simple JavaScript file making it more attractive for the reader.
- It includes support over a wide array of browsers and can also be run on older systems.
- It offers a wide variety of support, making it easy for anyone to learn the implementation.
7. VueJS
Vue was initially released in 2014. VueJS is one of the top dynamic front-end languages, which is simple, clear, open-source, and easy to use. It allows developers to design well-structured and engaging web pages and applications. It provides reliable and quick solutions for both small and medium-sized businesses because of its cost-effectiveness and quality.
For beginners who wish to take on small but meaningful projects in a short period, VueJS is a perfect choice. It allows the developers to begin writing codes, knowing only the basics of HTML and JavaScript.
Core Features
- VueJS script is very lightweight and flexible in terms of support for new programmers. This is popular as it is easily understandable by React.JS developers as well.
- To start with coding, Vue doesn’t require in-depth knowledge of JSX, libraries, and TypeScript, as is often the case with other front-end technologies.
- Components represent encapsulated elements of the UI. In VueJs, components can be written in HTML, JavaScript, and CSS without dividing them into separate files.
- Vue.js utilizes virtual DOM (Document Object Model). This can be treated as a copy of the original DOM that figures out what elements to update without rerendering the whole DOM. This approach makes page rendering really quick and improves application performance.
- VueJS comes with two-way binding. Two-way data binding features a connection between model data updates and UI. With the help of two-way data binding, it is easier to update related components and track data updates.
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Conclusion
The article mentioned the most recommended and worthwhile programming languages for frontend web development that you can consider learning.
However, you can explore other options to figure out the suitable option for your specific programming needs, as choosing the ideal language can give a boost to your career. You can start a career in web development by learning programming languages from our Web Development courses.
FAQs About Front End Programming Languages
Python can be used for either front-end or back-end development. But, its approachable syntax and widespread server-side use make it a core programming language for back-end development. Front-end Python is not unheard of; it’s just not usually preferred.
CSS, HTML, and JavaScript are the backbone of front end development. The programming languages used in the backend may include Java, PHP, Python, and Ruby.
By default, JavaScript stands first when it comes to frontend development. Based on the statistics of 2021, nearly 65 percent of developers state that they use JavaScript. Because of JavaScript’s pervasiveness in front-end development, many tools and extensions help developers write, compile, and optimize code.